Pulse Amplitude Modulation
Today communication is the heart of the technology. Communication is achieved over a transmitter and a…
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Analog & Digital Communication
Entropy, Source Encoding Theorem
Source encoding theorem The discrete memory less source of entropy H(X), the average code word…
Analog & Digital Communication
Pulse Communication
PAM Modulator The amplitude of a carrier pulse is altered in accordance to that of…
Analog & Digital Communication
Error Detection and Correction Techniques
Different Types Of Error Detection Techniques: a. Redundancy b. Echoplex c. Exact count encoding d. Parity e. Check sum f. Vertical…
Analog & Digital Communication
Data Communication Circuits, Data Communication Codes
When the modulation index is less than 1, the angle modulated systems are called low…
Analog & Digital Communication
History of Data Communications
Though data communication may seem a relatively new innovation, the history of data connections dates…
Analog & Digital Communication
Pulse Code Modulation
Modulation is the process of varying one or more parameters of a carrier signal in accordance…
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QAM Formats: 8-QAM, 16-QAM, 32-QAM, 64-QAM, 128-QAM, 256-QAM
QAM, quadrature amplitude modulation provides some significant benefits for data transmission. As 16QAM transitions to…
Analog & Digital Communication
QAM Theory and Formulas
The basic QAM theory aims to express the operation of QAM, quadrature amplitude modulation using…
Analog & Digital Communication
What is QAM: quadrature amplitude modulation
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, QAM utilises both amplitude and phase components to provide a form of…